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If your pet's “doggie breath” is offensive to you, just imagine what it's doing to him. The odor coming from your dog's mouth could be a sign of serious dental disease. In fact, according to the American Veterinary Dental Society, 80 percent of dogs and 70 percent of cats show signs of oral disease by the time they're three.
How problems develop
Dental problems progress gradually, but dogs are especially prone to developing calculus, a brown substance that is laden with bacteria. Over time, these bacteria cause plaque to form between the tooth and gum, eventually turning to tartar. As with human teeth, tartar that is not removed can cause infection along the gum line, separating the teeth from the gums. This allows even more bacteria to accumulate.
Left untreated, this buildup can cause gingivitis and periodontal disease. In addition to swollen and tender gums, receding gums, bleeding, pain and bad breath, periodontitis can lead to tooth loss. Even worse, the infection caused by periodontal disease may enter the bloodstream, potentially reaching the heart, liver and kidneys.
What you can do
Be sure your pet receives an oral exam during his regular veterinary health check-up. In between, there are several things that you can do at home to improve and maintain your pet's dental health.
A trip to the dentist
If your pet's dental condition has deteriorated, there may be no option but to have teeth and gums professionally cleaned. This is a lengthy and costly procedure. Most dogs must be anesthetized to keep their mouth open and still during the procedure.
Taking a little extra time on a regular basis to care for your dog's teeth will assure good dental health and prevent serious dental and medical problems.